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Causes of Lymph Cancer and Risk Factors

Lymph cancer is cancer that attacks the lymphatic system, which is part of the immune system that functions to fight infection. The cause of lymph cancer is still not known with certainty, but there are several risk factors that can cause a person more at risk of developing this disease. The lymphatic system has an important role in fighting bacteria and viruses that can cause infections in the body. Just like other organs in the body, the lymphatic system can also be attacked by diseases. One of the diseases that can attack the lymph system is lymph cancer. This disease can affect any part of the lymphatic system, including lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen, thymus, appendicitis, and bone marrow. Lymph cancer is also called lymphoma. In general, there are 2 types of lymphomas that are most often found, namely Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The difference between these two types of lymphomas is in the type of lymph cells (lymphocytes) that develop into malignant.

Causes of Lymph Cancer

Lymph cancer arises when the number of lymphocyte cells in the lymph nodes rapidly increases and becomes malignant. This makes the lymph node count too large to cause the lymph nodes to swell. So far, the reason why lymphocyte cells can develop into malignant is not known with certainty. However, based on data from various health studies, there are several risk factors that can make a person more at risk of developing this disease. Here are some factors that can increase a person's risk of getting lymph cancer:

Hodgkin's lymph cancer

Some factors that can increase the risk of developing Hodgkin's lymph cancer include:
  • Aged between 20-40 years or above 55 years.
  • Male sex.
  • Having a biological family diagnosed with this type of cancer.
  • Suffers from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection which can cause mononucleosis.
  • Having a weak immune system, for example due to HIV infection or the use of immune system suppressants.

Non-Hodgkin's lymph cancer

While some risk factors for non-Hodgkin's sap cancer include:
  • Having a weakened immune system.
  • Suffer from autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis or celiac disease.
  • Above 60 years old. However, this disease can also affect children.
  • Has a history of leukemia, bacterial pylori infection, or hepatitis C virus and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections.
  • Has a history of frequent exposure to nuclear radiation and toxic chemicals, such as pesticides and herbicides.
  • Overweight or obese.
We recommend that you see a doctor if you have several risk factors for lymphatic cancer as above, or if you have symptoms that might indicate lymph cancer, such as:
  • Enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, armpits, or groin.
  • Weight loss for no apparent reason.
  • Frequent fever.
  • Easily tired.
  • Hard to breathe.
  • Itchy.
  • Cold sweat at night.
To determine whether these symptoms are symptoms of lymph cancer or not, it is necessary to see a doctor. In determining the diagnosis of lymphatic cancer, the doctor will do a lymph node biopsy, bone marrow aspiration, blood tests, and CT scan, MRI, or PET scan.

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